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Egypt, plasticulture under integrated management : responding to climate and environmental constraints
AUTHOR : Farouk EL-AIDY, Professor of Protected Cultivation Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt
As it develops, Egyptian agriculture is using more and more diverse plastic products and is obviously facing the same environmental and industrial problems as the major plastic-producing countries. Recovery, recycling and reuse are now major challenges for which Egypt relies heavily on research and innovation.
The Arab Republic of Egypt is located in the north-eastern corner of Africa and south-western Asia. There are four main geographic zones in Egypt : the Nile Valley and its Delta, Sinai Peninsula, Eastern and Western Deserts.
The country essentially has a “hot desert climate” (Köppen Climate Classification,BWh). The climate is generally extremely dry all over the country except on the northern mediterranean coast, which receives rainfall in winter (so called “Mediterranean climate”, with 70% humidity). In addition to scarcity of rain, extreme heat during the summer months is also a general climate feature of Egypt although daytime temperatures are more moderate along the northern coast. Average low temperatures vary from 9.5 °C (49.1 °F) in wintertime to 23 °C (73.4 °F) in summertime and average high temperatures from 17 °C (62.6 °F) to 32 °C (89.6 °F). The situation changes in the interior, away from the moderating northerly winds. Thus, in the central and the southern parts, nighttime temperatures are very hot, especially in summers where average high temperatures can exceed 40 °C (104 °F) like in Aswan, Luxor, Asyut or Sohag, which are located in the deserts of Egypt.
Egypt and climate change
Egypt is one of the countries most affected by climate change, both in terms of the sea level rise in the delta and the temperature rise in Upper Egypt. The agricultural sector is very vulnerable to climate change as it affects crop production and stresses water resources. At the same time, Egypt is one of the countries that contributes least to greenhouse gas emissions in the world, at a rate of 0.6%¹.
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